3/8/2013: Humanities: Don't Just Discount the Vital Set of Skills

Over a month ago, I wrote in the Sunday Times about the topic of balance in education between the humanities and sciences and led this point toward the reforms needed. Last week, Washington Post run a story worth reading on the same subject: http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/innovations/wp/2013/07/30/we-need-more-humanities-majors/

My original article and few more links on the topic is here:

http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2013/07/272013-sunday-times-june-30-2013-irish.html

2/8/2013: The Impossible Monetary Dilemma: July update

Two charts updating the Impossible Monetary Dilemma through July:

Good luck to all believing tapering will be enough to get monetary policy to mean-revert. Oh, and in case you wonder, mean reverting refers to historical mean - which is skewed downward by the period of historical lows of 2001-2005 and H2 2008- present. Even that historical mean is out of reach for any ordinary tightening.

2/8/2013: June's Great Recession Update

The usual monthly chart from Calculated Risk (h/t for the reminder to check to @businessinsider )... US Great Recession in comparison:

Source: http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/2013/07/june-employment-report-195000-jobs-76.html

Continue to be scared... cause we've been scared for the last 65 months... And a reminder from my previous re-posts of this chart: notice how frighteningly longer are the durations of employment recoveries in recent recessions since 1981.

And while we are on this, here's a good discussion of completely unrealistic US expectations for fiscal recovery: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-08-01/why-the-cbo-s-deficit-forecasts-are-too-optimistic.html via @BloombergView

2/8/2013: Nice uptick in Ireland's risk ratings: ECR

Small thing, but all counts... Ireland's Euromoney Country Risk scores are continuing to improve:

Latest score up at 57.81 ranking Ireland at 42nd in terms of risk, with lower rank / higher score implying lower risk:

 Comparatives:

 Score components on aggregate:

 Historical trend:

Economic Assessment score sub-components:

Political Assessment score sub-components:

Structural Assessment score sub-components:

2/8/2013: Irish Manufacturing PMI: July 2013

Manufacturing PMI for Ireland was out yesterday. And as usual, it was worth waiting and giving the Irish media time to get through their circus of 'analysis'. The excitement of 'growth' predictions aside, here's the raw truth about the numbers (please, keep in mind that shambolic data coverage by Markit press-release is no longer conducive to any serious analysis of the underlying components of the PMIs). Note: PMI for Ireland are released by Investec and Markit.

All we have is the headline number. On the surface, headline Manufacturing PMI moved from 50.3 in June to 51.0 in July. Both numbers are above 50.0 and thus suggest expansion. This marks two consecutive months of growth.

However, there are some serious problems with the above. Read on:
-- At 51.0, July PMI is barely above 12 mo average of 50.7.
-- 3mo average through July is at 50.3, ahead of 49.4 3mo average through April 2013 - which is good news.
-- In July 2012, PMI was at 53.9 which was statistically significantly above 50.0 (in other words, statistically we did have growth in July 2012, which turned out to be pretty disastrous year for manufacturing and industry as we know). And in July 2013 at 51.0 there is no statistically significant difference in current PMI reading from 50.0, which means - statistically-speaking - we do not have growth.
-- Current 3mo MA at 50.3 is not different from 50.0 statistically
-- Current 3mo MA is below that in 2012 (52.7), ahead of that in 2011 (49.9) and below that for 2010 (52.4) - which is not exactly confidence-inspiring, right?
-- M/m (recall, these are seasonally-adjusted numbers) there was a rise in PMI of 0.7 (slightly better than m/m rise of 0.6 in June 2013). Alas, this monthly rise was also statistically indifferent from zero.

Here are two charts that illustrate the above points.

In short - good news is that PMI is reading above 50 and strengthened in July compared to June. Bad news is that statistically-speaking, neither the reading levels (in both June and July), nor increases m/m (in both June or July) are significant. Which means that we simply cannot will away the caution in reading the PMI numbers this time around.

2/8/2013: New Vehicles Registrations and Motor Trade in Ireland: H1 2013

Latest stats on car sales in Ireland are revealing, especially when indices data is put alongside the actual volumes of cars sales. Recall that in 2013, Irish authorities have changed vehicles registration system and instead of full year, new licenses show first half of 2013 and second half of 2013 vehicles. This was done to appease the dealers' fear that superstition over number '13' on the plate will deter people from buying cars. Obviously, the dealers were not too enlightened to figure out that in the current climate, it is the Vehicles Registration Tax and VAT, charged consecutively (to make certain that double taxation becomes triple taxation) might be a greater deterrent from purchasing a vehicle.

So here are the results of the heroic subsidies and supports accorded to motor trade:

Put simply, there has been no change in the rate of decline in new private cars sales since 2011 H1. Sales of new cars in H1 2012 were falling y/y at the same rate as in H1 2013. Sales of used vehicles are at all-time lows and this means that what we are witnessing the figures is not a license plate year effect, but the effect of overall decline in demand for cars.

Why? Well, handy QNHS survey on the impact of the crisis on households (see more on this here: http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2013/08/182013-anatomy-of-personal-crises-qnhs.html) might offer an insight:

Sixth most frequently cited measure to reduce household expenditure is... you guessed it - car usage or/and ownership. Over 12 months through July-September 2012, 36% of all households have cut back on car usage or/and ownership.

Thus, all vehicles registrations in H1 2013 are running at 27% below their 1997 levels, new private cars registrations are down 38% and new goods vehicles registrations are off 45.3% on H1 1997.  The latter, of course, is an indicator of health in SMEs sector...

1/8/2013: Strategic defaults...

This is "I am not drowning puppies for fun" note concerning my view on the problem of 'strategic defaults':

1. I do not allege there are no 'strategic defaults' in Ireland.
2. I do state that at this moment, there is no evidence of these defaults being a systemic problem of specific dimension.
3. Absence of evidence is not, in my view, an evidence of absence. 
4. I am aware that some people prioritise payments of unsecured debt over secured debt.
5. However, (4) does not automatically imply that a person doing so is out to 'game the system' to their advantage. They might be prioritising payment of unsecured debt for a number of reasons, other than personal gain, e.g.: (a) their credit cards or small credit union loans fund their day-to-day living expenses and as such they need their credit flowing to survive, or (b) their unsecured creditors exerted more pressure on them and they simply caved in, etc.
6. I do not allege that doing (4) above (including for the reasons outlined in (5))  is a correct or a good or an acceptable course of action. In fact, in my opinion, it is not. However, presently, the Irish authorities have failed to secure a clear, accessible and definitive pathway for resolving the conflict between secured and unsecured debt obligations for distressed borrowers. As the result of such a failure, we cannot fault people opting for acting according to (5) above, regardless of what we might think.
7. I am aware of at least one instance where an organisation I am working came across a case of a wilful and strategic default. As the case was brought to us for an independent external assessment and was not represented by us on a client basis, we advised to pursue all legally available courses of action to stop the person from continuing to engage in such activity and we advised the borrower to immediately cease such activities.
8. I am aware of the study that used US research (not US data) to extrapolate to the Irish situation. I find such an approach a good starting point for a debate, but I do not accept it as a robust evidence to base any policy design or analysis on. It is not an evidence and thus (2) and (3) above continue to apply.
9. I am aware of the statements by media and analysts that the problem of 'strategic defaults' in Ireland is growing and is already significant. 
10. My view is that (9) represent unsubstantiated claims, not backed by any real evidence and as such these claims have to be treated as speculative conjectures. Anyone is free to make a conjecture. Some might even opt to be so kind as to seek evidence to back one up. None have a right to impose their conjecture onto actual solution or policy mechanism.

I hope this explains my position on the issue and ends the nonsensical accusations that I am denying the problem. 

My personal conjecture on the topic (backed by anecdotal evidence, so not different from any conjectures on the topic presented in the media to-date) is that there are, most likely, some borrowers attempting to game the system. We do not know how many there are. We do not know who they are. We do not have a means for rigorously identifying them. The correct way for dealing with them is to penalise them at the point of discovery, make such penalty known in advance of any actions to give them a  chance to alter their behaviour.

If the resolution of onerous arrears requires repossession of the property, repossession is justified. It is not my position to argue that all repossessions are unjustified. It is my view that repossessions of family homes should be minimised and, crucially, all repossessions should be preceded by the full, binding and voluntary agreement between the borrower and the lender on how the residual debts, remaining post-repossession action, are to be settled.

Before a point of discovery of their guilt, however, everyone is innocent. 

1/8/2013: Anatomy of the Personal Crises: QNHS Q3 2012

CSO has published Q3 2012 survey concerning the Effect on Households of the Economic Downturn: here.

Some core findings:

• 82% of households cut spending on at least one of the main categories of expenditure as a result of the economic downturn in the 12 months before July-September 2012. 
• Nearly a quarter of all households indicated that they had cut back on five or more categories of spending out of 9 categories listed.
• Over 1/3 of households who used a car had cut back on their expenditure on this means of transport.
• "Some 14% of owner occupied households with a mortgage were unable to make mortgage repayments on time at least once in the previous twelve months due to financial difficulties." This number is strangely well below the current rate of mortgages arrears by accounts. Does this suggest that households tend to overstate their financial health?
• "On the rental side 19% of all renting households failed to pay rent on time at least once."
• 43% of households "indicated that they had experienced difficulties in keeping up with their bills and debts."
• "Two fifths of individuals were concerned about their level of personal debt. Over half of these said that they were currently more concerned than they had been twelve months previously. Only 5% indicated that their level of concern had decreased."
• "households consisting of one adult aged 65 or over said they had the least difficulty" paying bills and funding debt (27%).
• "Of households where the reference person was at work 41% experienced difficulty [paying bills and funding debt] compared with 73% where the reference person was unemployed." Note that 41% is a frightening number, still.
• "Looking specifically at those households which had experienced difficulty in managing bills and debts, 47% of them said that it was due to loss of income, 73% said it was due to higher than expected or additional costs and 5% said the difficulty was due to other reasons."
• "Looking more deeply into the type of higher or additional costs mentioned by those households for whom it caused difficulty, 90% of those households mentioned higher or additional utility bills , 32% mentioned higher or additional school, college or university costs, 17% mentioned higher or additional medical or dental costs and 15% mentioned higher or additional loan or mortgage repayments" Now, run through these again. All of them are state-controlled and state-regulated services, ex mortgages and loans. That's the cost of Irish State policy of extracting rents out of already stretched households.

And a handy chart summarising demographics of debt crisis:

That's right: core crisis impact on debt side - 25-54 year olds, majority with kids and homes, just the crowd that the Government is targeting for cash extraction via higher prices and charges for services like health, health insurance, transport, energy, utilities, education... you name it.

And as you read data in Table 1.1.1. showing details of the households experiencing financial difficulty due to loss of income, classified by main reasons over 12 months prior to July-September 2012, keep in mind - almost all 'employment creation' in the labour market that the Government and 'green jerseys' keep talking about is taking place in the part-time jobs, which cannot cover the true cost of living in this country.

Finally, take a look at Table 1.2. This shows the extent of debt restructuring delivered by the 'reformed' banks. At 7% total - it is laughably low.

31/7/2013: Retail Sales Dynamics: June 2013

Retail sales stats are out for June and anticipation (based on the booming Consumer Confidence index from ESRI) was for a significant uplift in sales. Alas, things turned out to be not what some expected. All data seasonally-adjusted.

• Value of core (ex-motors) sales fell 0.73% m/m in June and was up 1.28% y/y. 
• 3mo average through June 2013 stood at 95.1 down on 3mo average through March 2013 at 96.0.
• 6mo average through June was at 95.5, down on 96.8 6mo average through December 2012.
• Value of core sales in June 2013 was 5.75% below the average for the entire crisis period
• Volume of core (ex-motors) sales fell 0.50% m/m in June and was up 1.21% y/y.
• 3mo average through June 2013 stood at 99.2 down on 3mo average through March 2013 at 99.5, although the difference was minute.
• 6mo average through June was at 99.4, down on 100.4 6mo average through December 2012.
• Volume of core sales in June 2013 was 3.74% below the average for the entire crisis period.

Meanwhile, Consumer Confidence shot up 15.4% in June m/m and is up 13.3% y/y. 3mo average from consumer confidence is at 63.6 which is above 3mo average through March 2013 at 61.2. 6mo average is practically identical to 6mo average through December 2012.

Charts above show clear disconnect between retail sales (volume and value) and the reported consumer confidence index. The disconnect is bizarre. Firstly, neither current, nor lagged average consumer confidence has much to do with either volume or value of what consumers opt to purchase. Worse, since June 2008 through June 2013, Irish retail sales indices correlations with Consumer Confidence are -0.66 for value index and -0.60 for volume index. In other words, rising Consumer Confidence in Ireland tends to be associated with falling retail sales. It is worth noting that prior to the crisis - in January 2005 - December 2007 period, the above correlations were +0.72 and +0.74 respectively.

My own Retail Sector Activity Index has had a better fortune tracking overall activity in the retail sector:

 The above clearly shows the sustained 'flat at the bottom' period of retail sales overall activity (by weighted contributions of volume, value and forward confidence). The recent rise in the activity, driven so far solely by two factors: year-on-year dynamics still impacted by the losses made in May-June 2012  and by the bizarre rise in consumer confidence. It remains to be seen if the index can hold near a 14 months period high attained in June.

30/7/2013: Flat demand for business credit in Q2 2013

Courtesy of the Central Bank of Ireland released last week:

Changes in Loan Demand from Enterprises

Key: 1= Decreased considerably, 2= Decreased somewhat, 3= remained basically unchanged, 4= increased somewhat, 5= increased considerably.

Top of the line analysis: the patient is still in  a comma: 

• Fixed investment (long-term investment in capital and technology) is flat two quarters running. One quarter (Q4 2012) pick up has barely brought us back 1/3 of the way for Q3 2012 contraction and on cumulated basis, we are - in Q2 2013 still below Q1 2012.
• Inventories and working capital demand is flat in Q2 2013, so no short-term build up in either on foot of any sort of positive expectations forward. Cumulated corrections up in Q3 2012 and Q1 2013 are not sufficient to compensate for declines in Q1-Q2 2012. Conclusion: we are still worse off on inventories and working capital demand than in Q1 2012.
• Debt restructuring demand is flat on Q1 2013 in Q2 2013. The only game in town when it comes to credit demand from the corporates in Ireland is for debt restructuring. 

The above does not bode well for the story about pick up in business expectations and flies in the face of the PMIs-signalled 'improvements' in both current conditions and forward outlook. Any early-stage expansion will have to be consistent with increases in demand for Inventories and Working Capital finance, while Fixed Investment will have to pick up if the businesses are expecting significant uplifts out 12 months.

30/7/2013: It ain't recovery until prices start rising, folks...

You know the myth - the one spun by the realtors and the likes of the various business development bodies around the country - that goes something like: "Irish recovery is showing green shoots, as foreign investors are flocking to the Irish market, kicking tyres and snapping all commercial property they can get their hands on".

As usual, there's a basic logic flaw with much of the internal Irish commercial / business world. Normally, when someone is flocking with suitcases of cash to some destination to buy, demand goes up, and prices rise. In the short run, this logic might fail to hold if there is a supply rise of involuntary sales of properties in the market. In the long run, this demand-price relationship must hold, because both voluntary and involuntary supply of properties adjusts to move along with prices. In other words, even idiot bankers would begin to withhold property from the falling market when there are willing buyers kicking tyres in hope of gaining more on sale.

It has been years, that's right - years - since the reports of the alleged 'tyres-kicking' foreign investors first started to percolate. And yet... oh well... just look at prices:

Yes, per Central Bank chart (above), commercial property is still shrinking in terms of prices. The rate of shrinkage is moderating. But that is not the same as saying that prices are rising. They are falling, falling at a diminished rate, but still falling.

The 'recovery' is much more likely in the housing market, where cash-rich farmers (having made their dosh on pre-bust sales of land and still awash with CAP cash), cash-rich and property-secured senior professionals and retirees (having made their surplus money on pre-bust sales of homes in Donneybrook etc) and cash-rich Googlites and Namanoids (the sub-sects of the South Dublin younger professionals in cushioned jobs) are all chasing prime properties in the upper middle class segment of the market. Aside from that, things are not exactly hunky-dory, like...

Still, the housing market is telling a much better story of a 'recovery' (albeit it is still not a true recovery, yet), than the fabled foreign-investors-teaming commercial property markets... The old Widow Scallan's reincarnation as an ex-Spar 'prime retail' space is out for grabs... There's (allegedly) American investment funds-led bidding war going on across the country... so hurry up...

27/7/2013: WLASze Part 2: Weekend Links on Arts, Sciences and zero economics

This is the second post of my WLASze: Weekend Links on Arts, Sciences and zero economics.

The first post is linked here and is referenced below. Enjoy!


I covered superb Irish Pavilion at the Venice Biennale 2013 in my previous post. Now on to one of the best artists exhibiting this year in Venice: Catalan artist Antoni Tàpies, who, sadly passed away just last year, are in the Palazzo Fortuny. Tàpies's canvases of earth, dust, structurally rich and textured paint, and deep in colour and subdued light convey forms in their own space, free of time, interference of artist's positioning, referencing, blinding internal and external fields of view.

You can explore his work - outside Biennale - here. Tate has some excellent Tapies in collection here.
Here's one from Tate selection:

Don't forget and don't miss: ILLUSION show opened today in Trinity's Science Gallery:

I am just back from there… and kids and MrsG loved the show and the MakersFair in front of the Physics building...

By far the most impressive piece for Luca was:

Yet there are other fantastic works and projects there.


Amazing work of Portuguese artist, Henrique Oliveira in Paris. Dynamic, fluid, yet forceful. Integrated into space yet perfectly disruptive to that space…
Here is the artist website (warning - slow loading). Very good overview across three media - a rare combination for any artist.

Amazingly, http://www.theartnewspaper.ru/ let their domain lapse! Seriously poor judgement by the AN.


Cool stuff on 'superfluids': Behavior of Turbulent Flow of Superfluids Is Opposite That of Ordinary Fluids

Via http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130725152143.htm example: liquid helium. "When cooled to extremely low temperatures, helium exhibits behavior that is otherwise impossible in ordinary fluids. For instance, the superfluid can squeeze through pores as small as a molecule, and climb up and over the walls of a glass. It can even remain in motion years after a centrifuge containing it has stopped spinning. Now physicists at MIT have come up with a method to mathematically describe the behavior of superfluids -- in particular, the turbulent flows within superfluids."

More scientifically, from the authors' mouth: "Superfluid turbulence is a fascinating phenomenon for which a satisfactory theoretical framework is lacking. Holographic duality provides a systematic approach to studying such quantum turbulence by mapping the dynamics of a strongly interacting quantum liquid into the dynamics of classical gravity. We use this gravitational description to numerically construct turbulent flows in a holographic superfluid in two spatial dimensions. We find that the superfluid kinetic energy spectrum obeys the Kolmogorov Formula scaling law, with energy injected at long wavelengths undergoing a direct cascade to short wavelengths where dissipation by vortex annihilation and vortex drag becomes efficient. This dissipation has a simple gravitational interpretation as energy flux across a black hole event horizon." [Few of you who took my derivatives theory few years back would recall, undoubtedly, Kolmogorov scaling in non-normality space...]

And in uber-geeeky terms via MIT: "Holographic description of a superfluid with vortices. The vertical axis is the radial direction z of AdS4. The planes at z=0 and z=1 are the boundary of AdS4 and the black hole horizon respectively.  The green surface is a surface of constant bulk charge density, with the region between the two slices defining a ``slab'' of condensate where most bulk charges reside.  The slab screens excitations from falling into the horizon. This can be seen from the vector field in the plot which indicates the direction and magnitude of the local energy flux;  note that this flux vanishes quickly below the slab. The vortices, with energy flux circulating around them, punch holes through this screening slab, providing avenues for excitations to fall into the black hole.  The surface z = 0 also shows the condensate on the boundary (with blue color representing zero condensate), superposed with flow lines of the superfluid velocity. The flux tubes show a surface of constant  |\Phi|^2/z^4, which coincides with the boundary condensate at z=0. The z = 1 surface also shows the flux of energy through the horizon.  Note that the energy flux is only significant (red and green) in the wake of the moving vortices."

Yeah, I know… WHAAAAT...WHAS...DAT?! Still, cool...


While on the impossible science set, reading through some links, I stumbled upon the ages-old Godel's Ontological proof of the existence of God. Here's the brilliant exposition. And more links on this fascinating effort:

• Prof. Dr. Elke Brendel gives exhaustive background and compendium of actual proof here
• Good backgrounder here
• And more philosophical outline here.

This is why I absolutely love Godel's work. He was, beyond any doubt, one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th century. Godel's greatest contribution was in the form of two Incompleteness Theorems. Am paraphrasing these here:

• Theorem 1: In any logical system it is possible to construct statements that are simultaneously neither true nor false.
• Theorem 2: By Theorem 1, no consistent system can be used to prove its own consistency. 

Theorem 1 is equivalent to the Liar’s Paradox: "Everything I say is a lie" or "This sentence is false". See: http://www.iep.utm.edu/par-liar/. Theorem 2 is equivalent to saying that "No proof can be proof of itself".  Godel's Theorem 2 is, in my view, a more defined logical version of Karl Popper's idea that any theoretical (mathematical) system based on axiomatic (or hypothesis-anchored) structure is falsifiable, but unprovable. Godel actually pre-dates Popper's thesis. Incidentally, this is why, in my view, axiomatic (theoretical) structures of inquiry are more powerful (have greater degrees of freedom) than 'natural' sciences. And hence, arts are more powerful than physical (experimental) sciences.

Time to stop…


And time to see the awesome power of nature. Courtesy of My Modern Met blogs:
http://www.mymodernmet.com/profiles/blogs/veselin-malinov-porto-portugal-hurricane-storm

The extreme and the extremely beautiful power of nature merged with the power of art. Veselin Malinov's work is fantastic. See it here. His other works are also superb, even if less dynamic. By the way - both, the exceptionally movement-saturated photographs of the storm and 'static' images of architectural spaces reveal Malinov's real strength: intuitive composition.

 Compare this with the banality of architectural photography of Peter Marlow, I covered in the first post (linked above).

Enjoy!