11/12/2014: Central Bank of Russia: The Bad & The Ugly...

In recent weeks, Russian Central Bank has issued a number of statements relating to interest rates policy. These included 

- Repeated concerns with inflation that hit 9.1% in latest data readings

- Concerns with effects of higher interest rates on investment

- Concerns with Ruble valuations (although much more muted compared to previous months); and

- Concerns with capital outflows.

Today, CBR hiked rates by 100 bps to 10.5%. Which is a contradictory move because:

1) 100 bps is clearly not going to be enough to arrest Ruble decline and slow down capital outflows

2) 100 bps will not be enough to dent inflation in the short run; and

3) 100 bps is strong enough to put even more breaks on investment.

Following the announcement, Ruble weakened against the USD and CBR upped its warnings on Q1 2015 inflation saying it might hit above 10%. Economic growth slowdown warning followed with CBR saying 2015-2016 growth outlook now risks 0% GDP expansion.

 Charts courtesy of @Schuldensuehner and @guardian 

We now have both the Bad and the Ugly, with the Good nowhere to be seen.

11/12/2014: TLTRO2: Misfiring that Bazooka... Again

Second round of TLTROs take up at EUR129.84bn. Prior market consensus expectation was for EUR130bn, with range of EUR 200 billion 'bulls' expectation and EUR 100 billion 'bears':

- Morgan Stanley at EUR120-170 billion, 

- Deutsche at EUR170 billion

- Citi at EUR165 billion

- BNP at EUR140-180 billion

- JPM at EUR190 billion

- BAML at EUR130 billion

So 'bears' have it. New tranche of TLTROs as expected better than the 1st tranche (http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/09/1892014-quite-disappointing-tltro-round.html) but still disappointing. Back in September, I expected two tranches to amount to close to EUR300 billion. We now have less than EUR213 billion. This is a massive undershooting on expectations for majority of markets analysts. One of Draghi's 'big bazookas' is currently misfiring charcoal instead of bullets, placing more pressure on the ECB to get into QE-like actions in January.

10/12/2014: Russian CDS: Not a Happy Day

While Ukraine CDS were the worst performing worldwide today (http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/12/10122014-ukraine-greece-cds-flash-red.html) Russian CDS were also under pressure.

As noted by @Schuldensuehner Russian CDS reached above 402 and the implied 5 year cumulative probability of default rose to 24%.

Here's updated chart plotting evolution of Russian and Ukrainian CDS:

There is a strong negative relationship between the price of oil and Russian CDS:

So with oil dipping below USD65/bbl today, things were bound to get touchy.

10/12/2014: Ukraine & Greece CDS Flash Red... again...

It's another 'Oh dear' moment for Greece as the country slides into another political mess:

And still, with CDS widening by a massive 5.63% in one day, Greece is still performing better than Ukraine, which is facing a report from the IMF estimating fiscal shortfall of USD15 billion on top of what the Fund already previously estimated to be USD17 billion (http://www.cnbc.com/id/102254994#).  Now, the total expected cost of underwriting Ukraine is at USD42 billion and counting.

I estimated before that Ukraine will require around USD55-60 billion in supports and the number still stands. As I suggested on numerous occasions over the year, Ukraine needs a Marshall Plan, not a short-term lending facility.

Here is the summary of changes in Ukraine's (and Russian) CDS:

5/12/2014: ECR on Russian Economy

Euromoney Country Risk on Russian economy under oil shock:

"Large oil producers, such as Russia, with undiversified economies and where political and other problematic factors prevail, are already seeing heightened risk that reflects their vulnerability.

Russia is facing a perfect storm of sanctions, falling oil prices and a currency in freefall since it was floated by the central bank to avoid further foreign-reserves depletion.

Its score has fallen sharply, taking the sovereign down 17 places and into the fourth of ECR’s five tiered categories equivalent to a B- to BB+ credit rating.

Russia has ample reserves, exceeding $400 billion, and the budget balance is cushioned somewhat from lower oil prices by the countervailing effect of the rouble’s slide.

Yet it seems inevitable now, with investment down, that Russia’s economy will contract in 2015.

Household disposable incomes will fall sharply as inflation and unemployment escalate, weighing on consumer spending. Rising dollar interest costs exacerbating debt rollover risks will burden the banks already managing depositor withdrawals."

A handy chart:

4/12/2014: The Good, The Weak, The Bad & The Ugly: BRIC PMIs

Combined Services and Manufacturing PMIs for BRIC economies.

First summary in a table:

And in a chart for combined (simple sum and average):

Key points:

• Brazil is tanking on both 'fronts'
• Russia is tanking on services 'front'
• China is weak
• India is gaining speed.

3/12/2014: Russia, Ukraine CDS are climbing

As twitted earlier, Russia is figuring at the top of the daily movers charts in CDS markets today with its sovereign CDS spread on Germany up at 378.45 rising 6.36% d/d (+22.64bps) with current cumulative 5-year probability of default estimated at 22.76%.

Ukraine made it to number 3 in today's moves with its stats far far worse: 5 year spread at an eye-opening 1,779.20 bps up 3.01% d/d (+51.99 bps) and cumulative 5-year probability of default at 67.53%.

Big jumps for both on last week's close:

And massive jumps compared to Q1 2014:

(click on the chart to enlarge)
Note: all data via S&P Capital IQ

No comment on the data.

3/12/2014: Euro Area PMIs: November

And we have a trend toward the *new ugly* (via Markit): Eurozone economic activity growth  signal hits a 16-month low: http://www.markiteconomics.com/Survey/PressRelease.mvc/b7b53af9b6f94a8b8c83172ba9c9bc55

Take a look at these numbers:

Ouch!.. overall growth (most likely not statistically significant) and no signal of recession, yet. But a big slowdown on Composite reading. Pace of expansion is falling:

Caveat to the above: Ireland and Spain are still robust. Italy in a strange surprise (dead-cat-bounce?) and France in a tailspin, while Germany is sliding:

More details on Ireland's performance here: http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/12/3122014-irish-services-pmi-november.html

3/12/2014: Irish Services PMI: November

Strong Services PMI performance for Ireland in November with Markit/Investec PMI index for the sector rising to 61.6 from already boiling-high of 61.5 in October. This marks ninth (!) consecutive month of readings above 60.0 (not just 50.0) and the 12mo MA through November is currently running at a massive 61.4.

Shorter-term dynamics are very positive: 3mo MA through November is at 61.9 and this is only marginally lower than 3mo MA through August 2014 at 62.1. The numbers are simply surreally good.

The trend is very similar in Manufacturing (see chart below and note here: http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/12/1122014-irish-manufacturing-pmi.html).

Without knowing actual details on disaggregation of the total indices, it is hard to say what is going up and at what rate. Furthermore, again due to Markit/Investec refusal to publish actual data details, I have no idea which sectors are rowing what in both services and manufacturing. My suspicion is that we are seeing continued boom in MNCs-dominated sectors, driven in part even higher by the changes in the MNCs-based operations in Ireland away from profit shifting to either profit booking and/or cost centres. In other words, instead of shifting profits via Ireland to offshore locations, many MNCs are starting to book costs into Ireland or park profits here. All of these activities are net positive for GDP and GNP, albeit of dubious benefit to those of us living here.

3/12/2014: Russia Services & Composite PMIs: November

Pretty tough news for Russian Services and Composite PMIs for November.

As a reminder, Manufacturing PMI for November posted a nice surprise, rising to 51.7 in November from 50.3 in October. However, as I noted in the analysis of Manufacturing figures here: http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/12/1122014-russia-manufacturing-pmi.html the devil was always in the services PMI data.

Services PMI came in significantly to the downside. November Services PMI reading fell to an abysmal 44.5 from already poor 47.4, marking second month of contraction, and a sharpest rate of contraction since May 2009.

3mo MA is now at 47.5, and 3mo MA for the period through August is at 49.9, which means 6 months of continued declines (on average) in the sector activity. In 3mo through November 2013, the index averaged 52.3.

Composite PMI, driven by Services downside, fell off the cliff from 49.1 in October to 47.6 in November, marking an outright statistically significant contraction. 3mo average through November 2014 is at 49.2 against 3mo average through August at 50.8 and 3mo average through November 2013 at 52.2.

All three PMIs taken together show continued strong trend to the downside, a trend that was clearly established in Q4 2012 first on foot of structural weaknesses, further reinforced by sanctions and counter-sanctions, plus now being strongly propelled by the drop in global energy prices. Additional driver to the downside is the global environment that currently strongly disfavours all BRICs (here is my analysis of BRICs Manufacturing PMIs: http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/12/2122014-bric-manufacturing-pmis.html and stay tuned for analysis of BRICs composite and services data coming up later this week).

Overall, the weaknesses in Russian economy continue to persist and the downside to the Composite PMI index suggests that we are now likely to see contraction in economic activity in Q4 2014. As I predicted before, official recession will most likely be unavoidable in Q4 2014 - Q1 2015. The question now is at what rate the economy will be contracting.

2/12/2014: South Stream Axed. Confusion Magnified.

Two slightly bizarre - in terms of implied contradictions - but nonetheless informative - articles on South Stream pipeline:

1. A very well-argued article by Leonid Bershidsky http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2014-12-02/putins-gas-deal-with-turkey-is-a-defeat which correctly states the role of Bulgarian Government in effectively ending any prospect for the South Stream.
2. A strange article on FT site claiming that Bulgaria is allegedly 'shocked' by the Russian decision. (Aside from that point - quite an informative article). http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/1a5954f0-7a41-11e4-a8e1-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3Klrl4xGW

This exemplifies the all-too-often ideological positioning on the issues relating to Russia in the media - causing confusion and haphazardly throwing around statements and comments. 

2/12/2014: BRIC Manufacturing PMIs: November 2014

BRIC Manufacturing PMIs are out for November and here are the results:

• Brazil's Manufacturing Activity posted another (3rd in a row) monthly sub-50 reading, falling to 48.7 in November from 49.1 in October. This is the weakest reading since July 2013, matching the same reading in June 2014. 3mo average through November is at 49.0 against 3mo average through August at 49.2. The rot has been long-running: 3mo average through November 2013 was 50.0.
• Russia's Manufacturing PMI rose to 51.7 in November from 50.3 in October. Details were discussed here: http://trueeconomics.blogspot.ie/2014/12/1122014-russia-manufacturing-pmi.html Overall, Russian manufacturing expanded at the second fastest pace of all BRIC economies in November.
• China Manufacturing PMI disappointed as well - coming in at 50.0 in November 2014 down from already anaemic 50.4 in October. 3mo average is at 50.2 - very weak and 3mo average through August was 50.5. 3mo average through November 2013 was 50.7 - also weak by Chinese standards.
• India Manufacturing PMI posted a significant improvement. In October 2014, PMI reading was 51.6 - the fastest growth of all BRIC economies, with November reading rising to 53.3 - again the fastest growth in the BRIC economies. 3mo average through november 2014 is at 52.0 against 3mo average through August of 52.1 and an improvement on 3mo average through November 2013 at 50.2.

Table summarising Manufacturing PMI for October-November:

All in, strong gains in India continuing, while Russia posted surprising uplift in activity in November that requires future confirmation of an upward trend. Brazil is gravely weak, and getting weaker, while China is on an edge of slipping into contraction.